Bitewe n'uko ibikoresho by'imashini za CNC bikunzwe cyane, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusya imigozi rikomeje gukoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imashini. Gusya imigozi ni uburyo buhuriweho n'imashini za CNC zifite umurongo wa gatatu, zikoresha icyuma gisya imigozi kugira ngo zikore imashini zisya imigozi. Igikoresho gisya imigozi kigenda kizunguruka ku murongo utambitse, kandi kigenda gitembera ku murongo ugororotse. Gusya imigozi bifite ibyiza byinshi nko gukora neza cyane, ubwiza bw'imigozi, ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho, n'umutekano mwiza wo gutunganya. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikoresho byo gusya imigozi biri gukoreshwa ubu. Iyi ngingo igamije gusesengura no gushyira ahagaragara ibikoresho byinshi bisanzwe byo gusya imigozi uhereye ku miterere y'ikoreshwa, imiterere y'ibikoresho, n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya.
1 Igikoresho gisanzwe cyo gukata imigozi gikoreshwa mu buryo bwa "clamp" y'imashini
Igikoresho cyo gukata imigozi yo mu bwoko bwa clamp ni cyo gikoreshwa cyane kandi gihendutse mu gukata imigozi. Imiterere yacyo isa n'iy'icyuma gisanzwe cyo gukata imigozi yo mu bwoko bwa clamp. Kigizwe n'icyuma gishobora kongera gukoreshwa n'icyuma gishobora gusimburwa byoroshye. Niba ukeneye gukoresha ibikoresho byo gukata imigozi, ushobora kandi gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye n'ibyuma byo gukata imigozi yo mu bwoko bwa clamp. Iki cyuma gifite amenyo menshi yo gukata imigozi. Igikoresho gishobora gutunganya amenyo menshi y'imigozi icyarimwe ku murongo w'uruziga. Urugero, koresha kimwe. Igikoresho cyo gukata imigozi gifite amenyo 5 ya 2mm yo gukata imigozi gishobora gutunganya amenyo 5 y'imigozi ifite ubujyakuzimu bwa 10mm ku murongo w'uruziga. Kugira ngo urusheho kunoza imikorere yo gutunganya, igikoresho cyo gukata imigozi yo mu bwoko bwa clamp kirashobora gukoreshwa. Mu kongera umubare w'inkombe zo gukata, igipimo cyo gutanga gishobora kwiyongera cyane, ariko amakosa yo gushyira hagati ya radial na axial hagati ya buri cyuma gikwirakwijwe ku ruziga azagira ingaruka ku buryo imigozi itunganywa neza. Niba utanyuzwe n'uburyo imigozi itunganywa neza n'icyuma cyo gukata imigozi yo mu bwoko bwa clamp kimeze, ushobora kandi kugerageza gushyiraho icyuma kimwe gusa cyo gutunganya. Mu guhitamo icyuma gikata imigozi gikoresheje imashini, hakurikijwe ibintu nk'umurambararo n'ubujyakuzimu bw'umugozi urimo gukorwa, n'ibikoresho by'igikoresho, gerageza guhitamo icyuma kinini cy'ubujyakuzimu (kugira ngo wongere ubukomere bw'igikoresho) n'igikoresho gikwiye cy'icyuma. Ubujyakuzimu bwo gutunganya imigozi bw'icyuma gikata imigozi gikoreshwa mu buryo bwa clamp bugenwa n'ubujyakuzimu bwiza bw'icyuma gifata igikoresho. Kubera ko uburebure bw'icyuma ari munsi y'ubujyakuzimu bwiza bw'icyuma gikata, iyo uburebure bw'umugozi ugomba gutunganywa buruta uburebure bw'icyuma, bugomba gutunganywa mu byiciro.
2 Imashini isanzwe yo gukata imigozi
Imashini zitunganya imigozi zikozwe ahanini mu bikoresho bikomeye bya karubide, kandi zimwe na zo ziratwikiriwe. Imashini itunganya imigozi ifite imiterere mito kandi ikwiriye cyane gutunganya imigozi y'ubugari buri hagati n'ubuto; hari kandi n'imashini zitunganya imigozi zikoreshwa mu gutunganya imigozi ya taper. Ubu bwoko bw'igikoresho bufite ubukana bwiza, cyane cyane imashini itunganya imigozi ifite umuyoboro wo mu ruziga, ishobora kugabanya neza umutwaro wo gukata no kunoza imikorere mu gutunganya ibikoresho bikomeye cyane. Inkombe y'imashini itunganya imigozi igizwe n'amenyo yo gutunganya imigozi, kandi gutunganya imigozi yose bishobora kurangizwa ku murongo w'uruziga mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe. Nta mpamvu yo gutunganya imigozi nk'igikoresho cyo mu bwoko bwa clamp, bityo imikorere myiza yo gutunganya ikaba iri hejuru, ariko igiciro kirahenze cyane.
3 Igikoresho cyo gukata imigozi gifite imikorere yo gukata imigozi
Imiterere y'icyuma gikata imigozi gifite imikorere ya chamfering isa n'iy'icyuma gikata imigozi gisanzwe, ariko hari uruhererekane rwihariye ku mizi (cyangwa ku mpera) y'uruhererekane rw'inkombe, rushobora gutunganya uruhererekane rw'inkombe mu gihe rutunganya uruhererekane. Hari uburyo butatu bwo gukata imigozi. Iyo umurambararo w'igikoresho ari munini bihagije, uruhererekane rw'inkombe rushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye mu gukora chamferi. Ubu buryo bugarukira ku gukata umwobo w'imbere w'inkombe. Iyo umurambararo w'igikoresho ari muto, uruhererekane rw'inkombe rushobora gukoreshwa mu gutunganya chamferi mu buryo bw'uruziga. Ariko iyo ukoresha chamferi ku mizi y'uruhererekane rw'inkombe mu gukata imigozi, witondere umwanya uri hagati y'igice cyo gukata cy'igikoresho n'uruhererekane kugira ngo wirinde kubangamirana. Niba uburebure bw'inkombe butunganyijwe buri munsi y'uburebure bw'igikoresho, igikoresho ntikizabasha gukora imikorere ya chamfering. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhitamo igikoresho, menya neza ko uburebure bw'inkombe bukora neza n'ubujyakuzimu bw'inkombe bihuye.
4 Gucukura no gukata insinga
Igikoresho cyo gucukura no gusya imigozi gikozwe muri karubide ikomeye, ikaba ari igikoresho cyo gucukura imigozi mito n'iciriritse imbere mu buryo bunoze. Igikoresho cyo gucukura no gusya imigozi gishobora kurangiza gucukura imyobo yo hasi ifite imigozi, gusya imyobo no gutunganya imigozi imbere icyarimwe, bigabanyiriza umubare w'ibikoresho bikoreshwa. Ariko ikibazo cy'iki gikoresho ni uburyo budakora neza kandi gihenze cyane. Iki gikoresho kigizwe n'ibice bitatu: igice cyo gucukura cy'umutwe, igice cyo gusya imigozi hagati, n'inkombe yo gusya ku mizi y'inkombe yo guca. Umurambararo w'igice cyacukuwe ni umurambararo wo hasi w'umugozi igikoresho gishobora gutunganya. Kubera ko umurambararo w'igice cyacukuwe ugarukira ku murambararo, igikoresho cyo gucukura no gusya imigozi gishobora gutunganya imigozi yo imbere gusa ifite ibisobanuro bimwe. Mu guhitamo abacukura imigozi no gusya imigozi, ntabwo ari ibipimo by'umwobo ugomba gusya gusa bigomba kwitabwaho, ahubwo nanone hagomba kwitabwaho guhuza uburebure bw'igikoresho n'ubujyakuzimu bw'umwobo wacukuwe, bitabaye ibyo, akazi ko gusya ntigashobora kugerwaho.
5 Igikoresho cyo gukata insinga
Igikoresho cyo gukata insinga n'icyuma gisya ni igikoresho gikomeye cya karubide cyo gutunganya neza insinga z'imbere, kandi gishobora no gutunganya imyobo yo hasi n'insinga icyarimwe. Impera y'igikoresho ifite inkombe zo guca nk'urusyo rwo ku mpera. Kubera ko inguni y'urusyo iba atari nini, iyo igikoresho gikora ingendo yo gutunganya insinga, inkombe yo guca insinga ibanza guca ibikoresho byo gukora kugira ngo bibe umwobo wo hasi, hanyuma insinga igatunganywa inyuma y'igikoresho. Hari abakata insinga bafite inkombe zo guca insinga, zishobora gutunganya icyarimwe inkombe zo ku mwobo. Igikoresho gifite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya neza kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza kurusha abakata insinga n'ibyuma. Ingano y'ubuso bw'insinga igikoresho gishobora gutunganya ni D～2D (D ni umurambararo w'umubiri w'icyuma).
6 Igicaniro cy'imigozi miremire gisya
Igikoresho cyo gukata imigozi miremire ni icyuma gikata imigozi imwe. Igikoresho cyo gukata imigozi rusange gifite amenyo menshi yo gutunganya imigozi ku nkombe zo gukata. Ahantu hahurira igikoresho n'igikoresho ni hanini, imbaraga zo gukata nazo ni nini, kandi umurambararo w'igikoresho ugomba kuba muto ugereranije n'umwobo w'umugozi iyo utunganya imigozi y'imbere. Kubera ko umurambararo w'umubiri w'icyuma ari muke, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku bukomere bw'icyuma, kandi icyuma gishyirwa ku ruhande rumwe iyo utunganya imigozi, biroroshye kureka igikoresho iyo utunganya imigozi miremire, ibyo bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo gutunganya imigozi neza. Kubwibyo, ubujyakuzimu bwiza bwo gukata imigozi rusange ni inshuro zigera kuri 2 z'umurambararo w'icyuma. Gukoresha icyuma cyo gukata imigozi miremire gishobora gutsinda neza inenge zavuzwe haruguru. Uko imbaraga zo gukata zigabanuka, ubujyakuzimu bw'umugozi bushobora kwiyongera cyane, kandi ubujyakuzimu bwiza bwo gukata bw'igikoresho bushobora kugera ku nshuro 3 kugeza kuri 4 z'umurambararo w'umubiri w'igikoresho.
Sisitemu 7 y'ibikoresho byo gusya imigozi
Guhindura ibintu mu buryo butandukanye no gukora neza ni ibintu bivuguruzanya cyane n’ibikoresho byo gukata imigozi. Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bifite imikorere ivanze (nk'imashini zo gucukura imigozi n'imashini zo gukata imigozi) bifite imikorere myiza cyane ariko bifite imikorere mibi, kandi ibikoresho bifite imikorere myiza akenshi ntibikora neza. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abakora ibikoresho benshi bashyizeho uburyo bwo gukata imigozi busanzwe. Ubusanzwe uburyo bw'ibikoresho bugizwe n'igikoresho gifata ibikoresho, inkombe yo gukata imigozi irwanya imvune n'icyuma gikata imigozi rusange. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'inkombe zo gukata imigozi irwanya imvune n'imashini zo gukata imigozi burashobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu gutunganya. Ubu buryo bw'ibikoresho bufite imikorere myiza kandi bufite imikorere myiza cyane, ariko igiciro cy'ibikoresho ni kinini.
Imikorere n'imiterere y'ibikoresho byinshi bikoreshwa mu gusya imigozi byavuzwe haruguru muri make. Gukonjesha nabyo ni ingenzi cyane mu gusya imigozi. Ni byiza gukoresha ibikoresho by'imashini n'ibikoresho bifite ubukonje bw'imbere. Kubera ko iyo igikoresho kizunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi, ubukonje bw'inyuma ntibuba bworoshye kwinjiramo hakoreshejwe imbaraga za centrifugal. Uretse uburyo bwo gukonjesha bw'imbere, bushobora gukonjesha igikoresho neza, ni ngombwa cyane ko ubukonje bukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi bushobora gufasha gukuraho uduce tw'imashini mugihe cyo gusya imigozi idafunguye. By'umwihariko, umuvuduko mwinshi w'imbere wo gukonjesha urakenewe mugihe cyo gusya imyobo mito y'imbere ifite umurambararo muto. Menya neza ko gusohora uduce tw'imashini neza. Byongeye kandi, mugihe uhitamo igikoresho cyo gusya imigozi, ibisabwa byihariye byo gutunganya bigomba kwitabwaho mu buryo bwuzuye, nko gukora icyiciro, umubare w'imyobo ya vis, ibikoresho byo gukora, ubwiza bw'imigozi, ingano n'ibindi bintu byinshi, kandi igikoresho kigomba gutoranywa mu buryo bukwiye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Ugushyingo-2021
